NMRL

  Thin film with a combination of high electrical conductivity and optical transparency are crucial for many modern devices such as touch panels, e-papers, organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs). A number of scientific investigations have been devoted to explore different possibilities for the fabrication of thin layers exhibiting a good compromise between optical trasnparency and electrical conductivity. The mainstream of scientific studies and current industrial technologies mainly rely on vacuum processes and transparent conducting oxides(TCOs) such as indium tin oxide(ITO) which is most commonly used transparent conductive electrode(TCE). However, indium-tin oxide(ITO) limits the further development of high-performance flexible OLED technology due to its inherent shortcomings such as brittleness, material scarcity, and a low throughput deposition process. It would be highly desirable to replace ITO with a new TCE solution which has low cost and imporved bendability for future flexible, rollable, or foldable OLED-based applications.